hail damage to asphalt roof shingles

Understanding Hail Damage to Asphalt Roof Shingles

Hailstorms can wreak havoc on roofs, especially those made of asphalt shingles. These storms, characterized by the falling of ice pellets or hailstones, can vary in size and intensity. Even relatively small hail can cause significant damage to roofs if it falls with sufficient force. Understanding how hail damages asphalt roof shingles is essential for homeowners, insurers, and contractors to assess roofing condition and repair needs effectively.

The Anatomy of Asphalt Roof Shingles

To comprehend the impact of hail, it is crucial to understand the structure of asphalt shingles. These shingles are primarily made of a fiberglass mat that is coated with asphalt and topped with granules. The granules serve a dual purpose they protect the underlying material from UV radiation and provide color and aesthetic appeal. When hail strikes these shingles, various forms of damage can occur depending on the size, speed, and duration of the hailfall.

Types of Hail Damage

1. Granule Loss One of the most common types of damage resulting from a hailstorm is granule loss. Larger hailstones can dislodge the protective granules, exposing the underlying asphalt. This not only weakens the shingle's defense against UV rays but also compromises the shingle's waterproofing abilities. Over time, this can lead to accelerated aging and potential leaks.

2. Cracks and Splits Hail can also cause physical cracks or splits in asphalt shingles. These fractures can allow moisture to seep beneath the shingles, increasing the risk of water intrusion and mold growth within the roof structure. In some cases, if the damage is extensive, entire shingles may need to be replaced.

3. Dents and Depressions Smaller hailstones may create dents in shingles, causing them to appear uneven. While dented shingles may not seem as serious as cracks, they can still impact the shingle’s performance over time, particularly if they are compacted.

4. Shingle Lifting Hail can also contribute to the lifting of shingles from their base. This issue becomes more pronounced if the hail is accompanied by strong winds, which can exacerbate damage and create openings for water to infiltrate.

5. Impact on Underlayment Severe hail damage can compromise the underlayment (the layer beneath the shingles), which serves as an additional barrier against moisture. If the underlayment is exposed to the elements due to damaged shingles, it can deteriorate significantly over time.

Assessing Hail Damage

Homeowners should take immediate action following a hailstorm to assess potential damage to their roofs. It is advisable to consult with professional roofing contractors who can conduct a thorough inspection. Here are some key steps in the assessment process

1. Visual Inspection Homeowners can start with a visual inspection from the ground, looking for missing granules, visible cracks or splits, and any loose or lifted shingles.

2. Professional Evaluation A roofing contractor can provide a more detailed evaluation, including looking for damage that may not be visible from the ground. They will assess both the shingles and the underlying structural components of the roof.

3. Documentation Homeowners should document hail damage with photographs and notes, which can be crucial for insurance claims. Many insurers require photographic evidence to facilitate the claims process.

Repair and Replacement

If hail damage is detected, prompt repairs are essential to prevent further deterioration. Minor damages, such as granule loss or isolated cracks, may be repairable through localized patching or resealing. However, if the damage is extensive, replacement of sections or the entire roof might be necessary.

Choosing high-quality asphalt shingles that come with robust warranties can provide added peace of mind for homeowners in hail-prone areas. Modern shingles are often designed to better withstand hail impacts and are rated based on their resilience to such weather conditions.

Conclusion

Hail damage to asphalt roof shingles can lead to significant repercussions for homeowners if not addressed promptly. Understanding the types of damage that can occur, the importance of assessment, and the options for repair or replacement are key to maintaining a secure and functional roof. By staying vigilant and proactive, homeowners can safeguard their properties against the inevitable impacts of severe weather.